Pattern: Refers to the repetition or the reoccurance of a design element, exact or varied, which establishes a visual "beat".
Rythm and Movement: Refers to the suggestion of motion through the use of various elements.
Proportion and Scale: Proportion is the size realationship to a whole and to one another. Scale refers to relating size to a constant, for example the human body.
Balance: Concerning with equalizing visual forces and elements in a work of art.(must have an axis)
Symmetrical balance:formal or identical with equal elements on both sides of the axis.
Asymmetrical balance: informal with unlike elements on both sides of the axis.
Unity: achieved when the components of the work of art are percieved as harmonious, giving the work a sense of completion.
Emphasis: To make one part of the artwork more important than others. The dominant emphasis is the most important while the subcordinate emphasis is less important. The focal point is where you want the viewers to look first. (this may be where the dominant emphasis is)
Variety: Concerned with differences in elements, which creates visual interest.